Discontinuity in Zigrang correlation in DynamicOnePhaseFlowPipe
This formulation (see The Book
, § 13.2.1) is valid for Turbulent flow (Re>2300), but it is implemented as follows:
lambda[i] = if noEvent(Re2[i] > 1) then 0.25*(Modelica.Math.log10(13/Re2[i] + rugosrel/3.7/D))^(-2) else 0.01;
The problem is that this formulation presents a discontinuity for Re ~ 13
and the boolean condition avoiding Re
lower than 1 does not help here:
Typical Re
values are generally big enough to stay away from this singularity, but this particular condition may be found when the mass flow rate is next to zero, even temporary (during start-ups or shut-downs for example).
I see two solutions here:
- Just put a limit for higher
Re
(greater than 13, to be defined) → quick fix. - Consider the correlation for laminar flow under a defined threshold.