RESTART MODE for GAIA like in TELEMAC-2D and TELEMAC-3D

[gaia] RESTART MODE for GAIA like in TELEMAC-2D and TELEMAC-3D First part

Partially closes #899 and #756 (closed)

Major improvements:

• automatic saving of variables in the RESTART FILE necessary to continue a GAIA computation at the wished records and not every graphic printout,
• as necessary variables are not saved in the RESULT FILE anymore (in particular at every graphic printout), this last file is smaller in size (e.g. with CO sediments),
• no loss of accuracy when continuing a computation.

New keywords:

• RECORD NUMBER FOR RESTART,
• RESTART MODE,
• RESTART FILE,
• RESTART FILE FORMAT,
• RESTART FILE PRINTOUT PERIOD,
• RECORD NUMBER IN RESTART FILE.

Examples:

• mud_conservation-t2d,
• yen-t2d (multi 1),
• littoral-t2d-tom (triple coupling).

Some reference files have been updated (due to less stored variables):

• flume_bc-t2d (coh),
• hippodrome-t2d (1COs, 1COs_vf),
• hippodrome-t3d (1CO + 4NCObs_4CO_consolidation),
• mud_conservation-t2d,
• rouse-t3d,
• tidal_flats-t3d.

NB: some continuations of computation are not currently perfect and need to be investigated (coupling TELEMAC-3D, CVSM...)

examples/gaia/yen-t2d/gai_yen-exp_multi1_from_restart.cas

+/======================================================================
+/ GAIA: Wesel-Xanten minimalistic nw97 Q(Wesel)
+/ The Rhine River, Rhein-km 812.5 - 821.5
+/======================================================================
+SECONDARY CURRENTS = YES
+SECONDARY CURRENTS ALPHA COEFFICIENT = 1.0
+/SECONDARY CURRENTS = NO
+BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FILE                     = geo_yen-exp.cli
+PRESCRIBED SOLID DISCHARGES                  = 0.0;0.0
+GEOMETRY FILE                                = geo_yen-exp.slf
+RESULTS FILE                                 = gaia_yen-exp_multi1.slf
+/
+COMPUTATION CONTINUED = YES
+PREVIOUS SEDIMENTOLOGICAL COMPUTATION FILE = restart_yen_multi1_gai.slf
+PREVIOUS SEDIMENTOLOGICAL COMPUTATION FILE FORMAT = 'SERAFIND'
+/
+/----------------------------------------------
+/  GENERAL AND OUTPUT
+/----------------------------------------------
+TITLE : 'Yen-180-bend'
+VARIABLES FOR GRAPHIC PRINTOUTS =
+'U,V,S,E,H,B,KS,TOB,M,N,P,1A*,2A*,*ES'
+/
+/----------------------------------------------
+/ NUMERICAL PARAMETERS
+/----------------------------------------------
+/
+MASS-BALANCE                             = YES
+ZERO                                     = 1e-12
+/MINIMAL VALUE OF THE WATER HEIGHT        = 0.001
+/
+/----------------------------------------------
+/ PHYSICAL PARAMETERS - HYDRODYNAMICS
+/----------------------------------------------
+/
+/ 0: wird berechnet: ks = 3*D50
+/ 1: wird berechnet: ks : max(3*d50, ripple height)
+/
+/----------------------------------------------
+/ PHYSICAL PARAMETERS - BED LOAD
+/----------------------------------------------
+CLASSES TYPE OF SEDIMENT = NCO;NCO;NCO;NCO;NCO
+CLASSES SEDIMENT DENSITY = 2650.;2650.;2650.;2650.;2650.
+BED LOAD FOR ALL SANDS = YES
+SUSPENSION FOR ALL SANDS = NO
+BED-LOAD TRANSPORT FORMULA FOR ALL SANDS = 1
+CLASSES SHIELDS PARAMETERS = 0.047;0.047;0.047;0.047;0.047
+CLASSES SETTLING VELOCITIES = -9;-9;-9;-9;-9
+/COEFFICIENT FUNCTION OF THE POROSITY       = 1.6
+LAYERS NON COHESIVE BED POROSITY = 0.37500
+
+CLASSES SEDIMENT DIAMETERS =
+0.00031;0.00064;0.00103;0.00169;0.00336
+CLASSES INITIAL FRACTION =
+0.2;0.2;0.2;0.2;0.2
+CONSTANT ACTIVE LAYER THICKNESS                  = YES
+ACTIVE LAYER THICKNESS                           = 0.10D0
+/
+SLOPE EFFECT = YES
+FORMULA FOR DEVIATION  = 2
+PARAMETER FOR DEVIATION = 0.85
+FORMULA FOR SLOPE EFFECT = 2
+FRICTION ANGLE OF THE SEDIMENT = 35